Ayodhya Overtakes Mecca, Vatican in Footfall

One Year after Bhagwan Ram Lalla’s Pran Pratishta, the holy town holds out hope to be fulcrum of Hindu renaissance. Pummy Pandita Bhagwan Ram’s Pran Pratishta in January 2024 at his very birthplace in Ayodhya marked a new chapter in cultural and spiritual journey of Bharat. Since the construction of magnificent temple as abode of Ram Lalla, Ayodhya has undergone a transformation that devout Hindus connect to in spiritual terms and practicing faith. There’s no denying that Ayodhya, once a neglected, haunted and disconnected small town, is not any of these anymore. It’s bustling with devout people converging to Ayodhya by road, airways and superfast trains’ network. Infrastructure in Ayodhya has also undergone a sea change with roads, waterways and huge tourism circuit with hospitality points coming up in last one year. Footfall in Ayodhya as per estimates has crossed that of Vatican (6.7 Mn in 2023) and Mecca (1.83 Mn in 2024) many times over. As per Hindu calendar, January 11, 2025 marks first anniversary of Prana Pratishtha of Bhagwan Ram Lalla and the day would be celebrated as “Pratishtha Dwadashi” at Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir in Ayodhya. A clutch of religious rites, devotional recitations, cultural acts and spiritual talks will be performed at the sanctum sanctorum and the entire Ayodhya Dham. Over three crore people are expected to witness the grand celebrations of Shri Ram’s Pran Pratishtha anniversary. Spiritual ceremonies will be held at Yajna Mandap, a dedicated location within the Mandir premises at break of dawn to kick off the celebrations. The Agnihotra ceremony involving lighting of fire will take place during 8 am – 11 am and again between 2 pm to 5 pm. This age-old Vedic practice is known for spiritual and cleansing and is carried out using mantras from Sukla Yajurveda. In addition to purifying the area, the ceremony will aid in fostering a spiritually uplifting atmosphere for the day’s activities. Highlights of the Day: Shri Ram’s Prasad, that’s regarded as a celestial blessing, will be offered all day long to devotees from early morning hours reflecting Bhagwan Ram’s grace. A Year of Record-breaking Footfall Shri Ram Lalla’s Pran Pratishtha has turned Ayodhya into a popular pilgrimage centre. An unprecedented 15 million pilgrims are estimated to have visited Shri Ram Mandir to seek the blessings of Shri Ram Lalla. Temple’s tremendous appeal was highlighted by daily footfall exceeding two lakh people daily during peak seasons like Ram Navami and Deepawali. Due to this massive influx of visitors, Ayodhya is now on par with Varanasi and Tirupati as one of India’s most popular pilgrimage destinations and overtaken both Mecca and Vatican, the two religious centres for faithful Muslims and catholic Christians respectively. Wider road networks, better train connectivity and recently opened Ayodhya International Airport have contributed to the boom in tourism. These advancements have made it easier for pilgrims from all over Bharat and the world to travel to Ayodhya. Economic Windfall Ayodhya has experienced exceptional economic growth due to constant influx of devotees. As per local authorities, the city’s yearly income from tourism-related activities has more than doubled hitting almost ₹4000 crore (approximately half a billion US dollars) in the most recent year – the key contributors included pilgrims’ arrival that has brought in about ₹15,000 crore ($1.8 billion) in tourism-related income. Occupancy rates at local establishments, such as restaurants, motels and guesthouses have increased significantly, surpassing 90 per cent during busy times. Infrastructure Development Realizing Ayodhya’s potential to into a world hub of spirituality, Uttar Pradesh state and Bharat’s central governments has made significant infrastructure investments: Spiritual and Cultural Renaissance Ram Lalla’s return to his abode and birthplace has ignited a cultural revival in Ayodhya. The city is now a thriving centre of faith based activity thanks to regular kirtans, bhajans and spiritual talks. To raise awareness of Shri Ram’s teachings, temple administration has planned a number of events that draw both young people and academics. Shri Ram Lalla’s return to Ayodhya also represents a cultural revival. It has inspired a generation to reconnect with their heritage and rekindled interest in Bharat’s legendary stories. The temple’s exquisite carvings and imposing construction serve as a tribute to the magnificence of traditional Indian craftsmanship. In addition to revitalising millions of people’s spiritual ties, Shri Ram Lalla’s Pran Pratishtha has transformed Ayodhya into a centre for both cultural and economic renaissance. Ayodhya is a living example of transformational power of Hindu faith as the city continues to change, striking a balance between its rich legacy and contemporary goals. While the first year of Shri Ram’s homecoming is significant, this holy place is expected to make even more waves in years to come. (Author is head of operations at Centre for Integrated and Holistic Studies, a non-partisan think tank based in New Delhi)Ayodhya Overtakes Mecca, Vatican in Footfall

Geopolitics Policy

439

Bharat – Islamic Confluence

From Decades of Dormancy to Dynamic Diplomacy: How PM Modi’s Kuwait Visit Redefined Bharat’s Global Engagements. Vinod Kumar Shukla There is a misnomer that foreign policy of any country remains more or less the same while governments come and go. This is not true. Actually, it changes with the kind of government a country has from being submissive to assertive. Look at the case of Bharat where, ever since Prime Minister Narendra Modi took over, engagements with gulf countries have been of mutual interest by de-bracketing them from solely being Islamic nations, a great departure from the erstwhile Pakistan-centric foreign policy. Bharat has made its Western neighbour’s self-styled claim of being a stakeholder everywhere especially with Islamic nations meaningless. The engagement of Bharat with rest of the global communities are on equal footings. Ushering in a new era of global engagements, Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed his concern during his Kuwait visit from December 21-22, 2024 stated that “it takes four hours to reach Kuwait from India but it took four decades for the Prime Minister.” This is despite the fact that over a million people of Bharat in Kuwait are the largest expatriate community which is regarded as the community of first preference among expatriates. The Gulf nation is a key source of investment for Bharat from the current president, Shaikh Mishal Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah, the Amir of Kuwait, of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Approximately 89 per cent of the total FDI from the GCC has been received in the last decade and bilateral trade between India and Kuwait in the last financial year was over $10 billion. The PM’s Kuwait visit is to further strengthen bilateral ties, operationalise security agreements that have been moving at a snail’s pace. Prime Minister Modi has been trying to make West Asia a trade gateway for the rest of Asia and Europe and create a business-friendly environment to invite and secure investments in the region. Bharat’s bilateral relations with most of the Gulf countries by de-bracketing Pakistan is no less than an achievement for any government. Now most of the countries are keen on deeper bilateral ties. But the way Kuwait facilitated PM’s interactions with diaspora and respected New Delhi’s sensitivities on cultural and religious matters, it clearly indicates Bharat’s growing diplomatic clout not only in the region but globally as well. West Asian countries are generally considered as oil supplying nations but Modi dispensation looks at them with mutual trust and opportunity in gamut of issues. Besides trade, regional security is another concern. The ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict and post-Assad instability in Syria are matters of concern. They are not only impacting regional security but also business prospects. Diplomatically cornering Pakistan, the two sides unequivocally condemned terrorism in all its forms and manifestations, including cross-border terrorism and called for disrupting of terrorism financing networks and safe havens, and dismantling of terror infrastructure during PM’s visit. They agreed to enhance cooperation in counter-terrorism operations, information and intelligence sharing, developing and exchanging experiences, best practices and technologies, capacity building and to strengthen cooperation in law enforcement, anti-money laundering, drug-trafficking and other transnational crimes. The two sides discussed ways and means to promote cooperation in cybersecurity, including prevention of use of cyberspace for terrorism, radicalisation and for disturbing social harmony. Defence cooperation is another area of mutual benefit and a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between India and Kuwait to institutionalize bilateral cooperation in defence that included training, exchange of personnel and experts, joint exercises, cooperation in defence industry, supply of defence equipment, and collaboration in research and development, among others. India is gradually emerging as a defence exporting nation in a big way with its Make in India programme. The other issue that is very dear to the PM is solar energy (green energy) and making an oil exporting country like Kuwait the member of International Solar Alliance (ISA) is certainly a big deal. The world knows it well that solar energy is the future as fossil fuels are not forever. The ISA collectively covers the deployment of solar energy and addresses key common challenges to scale up its use to help member countries to develop low-carbon growth trajectories. Reducing carbon footprint is a global challenge and India has lived up to its global commitment. It wants others including developed nations to follow suit. Cultural linkages with West Asia are age-old and Bharat has always been wanting to continue which the PM has always been mentioning in his speeches. An understanding about Cultural Exchange Programme (CEP) between India and Kuwait for the years 2025-2029 has been reached about which would facilitate greater cultural exchanges in art, music, dance, literature and theatre, cooperation in preservation of cultural heritage, research and development in the area of culture and organizing of festivals. Sports is another area where India needs to do better and cooperation with friendly nations will help them to excel together. Executive Programme (EP) for Cooperation in the Field of Sports (2025-2028) is a similar measure that India and Kuwait have arrived at during PM’s recent visit which will strengthen bilateral cooperation in the field of sports by promoting exchange of visits of sports leaders for experience sharing, participation in programs and projects in the field of sports, exchange of expertise in sports medicine, sports management, sports media, sports science, among others. Most importantly, the persona and initiatives of Prime Minister Narendra Modi has been so overwhelming that Kuwait has bestowed upon him its highest knighthood order ‘The Order of Mubarak Al Kabeer’ which is the 20th international honour given to him. During his visit, the PM met with Crown Prince of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah Al-Khaled Al-Hamad Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah and discussed the importance to Bharat’s bilateral relations with Kuwait acknowledging that bilateral relations were progressing well and welcomed their elevation to a strategic partnership. They emphasized on close coordination between both sides in UN and other multilateral fora where India is not only seeking major reform and is emerging as an important player. In the context of the UN reforms, both leaders emphasized on the

Geopolitics United States

436

Disruption in World Order Guaranteed!

Donald Trump’s second term may not allow ‘business as usual’ approach to global affairs given underpinnings of ‘Make America Great Again’ thrust. K.A.Badarinath Across continents one big question that’s seriously debated and pored over is what’s in store during second term of President Donald Trump that would kick off in three weeks from now. Jokes, boardroom banter, hate, repulsion to cult following notwithstanding, Donald John Trump cannot be ignored as President United States of America (USA) given the landslide mandate that Americans have given him. One can rest be assured, he would make next four years very eventful at Oval Office after having gained serious insights into functioning of the Presidential role in his first term that ended in turbulence. Trump would not let the world forget in a hurry that he’s the only President who has been returned to White House after eviction from White House after Grover Cleveland several decades ago. Hence, it’s not surprising that from Africa, Asia, Europe to West Asia, tongues have begun to wag on state of play with staunch and determined Republican President at the hot seat in White House. But, what can easily be predicted is pursuit of aggressive ‘America First’ and ‘Make America Great Again’ that would dominate Trump Presidency on all fronts, be it economy, investment and trade, civilizational ties, diplomatic engagements, wars and conflicts in which US has direct or indirect linkages. Ultra nationalist sentiment of Western variety will have a sway during Trump regime within and beyond American borders. Expressive articulation of America First and Make America Great Again cannot be missed. A thorough review of all engagements including Israel, Ukraine and other conflict zones would become a priority for President Trump. And, rogue states like Pakistan are expected to face big time shove if Trump has his way. China may top Trump agenda with 50 per cent tariffs proposed on all exports to United States to rebalance bilateral trade. These levies would turn as many products non-competitive forcing Bejing to rethink its export strategy using third country labels to overcome the proposed tariff barriers. Bharat along with other BRICS member countries have already been put on alert as Trump has threatened with 100 per cent tariffs if the big developing countries went ahead with a common currency regime rivalling the American dollar. ‘De-dollarization’ move apart, Bharat may have to revisit its list of 30 US goods identified in 2018 and approached World Trade Organization for levying retaliatory tariffs on US. Also, sticky issues like Gautam Adani’s case in American courts and reported life bid on Khalistani terrorist Gurupatwant Singh Pannun will have to be dealt with deftly. Of late, growing anti-Bharat sentiment being belted out by American media outlets especially following Sriram Krishnan’s appointment as advisor on artificial intelligence to Trump may have to be addressed. Future of H1B work visas, US citizenship to children of such visas has turned absolutely uncertain. President Trump may have to take a call on this key issue. On two occasions in his first term, Trump had referred to 50 per cent restrictive duties on Harley Davidson motorcycles by Bharat. Even after his re-election in recent weeks, President-elect Trump described Bharat as ‘tariff king’. He conveniently chose to not refer to hiked tariffs on Indian steel and metallic products exports by him in his first term. Though the volume and value of defence exports to US are modest at US $ 1.5 billion, they may come under scanner of quixotic Trump. There are several such Indian export items that may be put to scrutiny by new regime. No wonder, Prime Minister Narendra Modi despatched his foreign minister Subramanyam Jaishankar to US in preparation for bilateral engagement with the ‘Don’. Modi who shares personal rapport with Donald Trump is expected to find a way out given that Indian investors are waiting in the wings to take larger positions – directly or indirectly — in US markets. President Trump would prioritize huge cuts in ‘federal spending’ of ‘non-essential’ and ‘non-strategic’ expenses by his government given the burgeoning long term deficits that US has piled up over years. Every dollar spent may be accounted for especially with technology czars like Elon Musk breathing down the neck pushing for ‘government efficiency’ on resources. Under President Trump, ‘radical left lunatics’ may get a big bashing on the butt that would eventually inflict damage on support structures for democrats. These Left hardliners have been peddling narratives that ‘liberal, open democratic character’ of US was under threat once the ‘Don’s’ second term began in 2025. Narrative battles in US between Left leaning ‘self-proclaimed’ liberals and Republicans under Donald Trump are expected to intensify further. Basically, ‘business as usual’ may not be possible with Donald Trump. Be it Canada, Panama, Greenland, Syria or elsewhere, there’s bound to be restlessness in Republican White House demanding a big changeover. Donald Trump seeking to turn Canada into 51st state of US sent shivers for Justin Trudeau who’s fighting with his back to the wall seeking re-election later next year. Here again, Trump demanded lowering of tariffs and in return offered US security cover to Canadians as fifty first state. Similarly, Panama was put on notice by Donald Trump who made two significant points from his perspective. One, the Panama Canal was being illegally controlled by Chinese people liberation army and the tariffs on movement of American goods were too huge that warranted a rollback. Thirdly, Donald Trump may have hit a raw nerve when he sought American pound of flesh in administration of resources-rich Greenland. Given that European Union has effective control on Greenland, Brussels may not take Trump’s comments rather lightly and forced to engage with him on the issue apart from legal migration and infiltration across US and EU member countries. Donald Trump may like to leave his imprint as a global leader in his four-year regime that’s bound to be eventful and has the potential to change face of global engagement. (Author is Director & Chief Executive at

Bhutan China

525

China, A Tough Nut to Crack

China may not be a dependable ally for Bharat. Reconciliation and reset noises made by President Xi’s hawks could be tactical and unsustainable. Dr Amritpal Kaur Is China a dependable ally for Bharat? Or, is it safe to play a balancing act between China under President Xi Jingping and US where Donald Trump is expected to take charge as President beginning 2025? Both Beijing and Washington DC pose different sets of challenges given Bharat’s 75-years’ experience post-independence from British imperialistic rule. At a time when there has been huge debate on ‘strategic autonomy’ as an instrument of Bharat’s state policy, there have been key developments ranging from threats hurled by US President-designate Donald Trump on tariffs regime to Beijing moving to purportedly normalize relations with Bharat. Undertones of the incoming Republican regime and firmly trenched third-term Chinese Communist Party regimes are different. At a time when strategists in New Delhi were breathing easy at lasting solution to clashes on Eastern Ladakh front, China opened a new front on Dokolam front with contours of its expansionist face coming to the fore. Reportedly, China encroached into Bhutanese territory, crossed the buffer zone and put up as many as 22 villages in last eight years. Drone images of these villages constructed on Bhutanese territory and splashed on front pages of major Bharat newspapers reflected on the intent of Chinese communist party regime. Parceling away pieces of neighbours’ territory and encroachment by design has been well rehearsed strategy of dragon regime. These images apart from US closing-in that China has never backed out from both Ladakh and Dokolam front came at a time when Bharat’s national security advisor Ajit Doval was in Beijing to attempt ‘normalizing’ relations with President Xi’s hardnosed negotiators. Ramifications of Chinese incursions into Bhutanese territory have strategic and regional security implications. China’s deliberate efforts to alter ground realities and impose a fait accompli are seen in construction of settlements on the Doklam plateau, a region vital to India’s Siliguri Corridor. In violation of 1998 China-Bhutan agreement which explicitly calls for maintaining status quo and refraining from unilaterally altering borders, this makes an absurdity of China’s claims and evasive justifications for the acts. These advances are a flagrant imitation of China’s use of armed force to occupy South China Sea in order to evade its duties under international law and further its expansionist objectives. It’s in this backdrop that cautious attempts made to resolve broader Bharat -China ties have taken place. On October 21, 2024 on sidelines of BRICS summit in Kazan Russia, Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri announced that India and China had reached a patrolling agreement on the Line of Actual Control leading to disengagement in areas where issues had arisen in 2020. This announcement paved way for a brief meeting between Prime Minister Modi and President Xi Jinping on sidelines of BRICS summit, a first in about five years since Galwan clashes of 2020. On November 19, Bharat’s Minister of External Affairs Dr. S. Jaishankar met his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi on sidelines of G-20 Summit in Rio De Janeiro. He was matter of fact and reiterated that disengagement at two contentious points on Indo-Chinese Border is a ‘welcome step’. There is a long way to go in Indo-China relations and it’s a fact. A day after, on November 20, Defense Minister Rajnath Singh met his Chinese counterpart Admiral Dong Jun on sidelines of Asean Defense Ministers’ Meeting Plus in Vientiane, Laos where he too stressed on need to maintain harmonious relations between the two Asian neighbors. Flurry of meetings indicate possible rapprochement between India and China according to optimists. But, caution is imperative given history of the two Asian giants coupled with present day real politic. It is hard to miss conspicuous concoction of events and processes happening around which have forced Chinese to even concede that border disengagement was going on, something to their eyes a tactical compromise giving away the psychological advantage to Bharat. Given that Chinese rarely give away the territory they captured after ‘salami-slicing’ the pressure must have been great for Beijing to engage with India in a positive way. The question it begs is, what exactly changed for the Chinese in past two years that from showing off the Commander of Galwan clash as the hero in the National Assembly, which crowned President Xi with unprecedented third term, to a visible attempt at bonhomie with India? It is significant to look beyond South Asia to recent happenings in the world. To begin with, United States elected Donald Trump as its new President. If previous Trump administration is guide to his second term outlook, Chinese have a reason to brace themselves for the ride. Coupled with military maneuvering of PLA in Taiwan Strait to indicate the tensions between China and Taiwan, it makes sense for them to not open another front with India, so that focus remains on its southeast border. Secondly, Chinese ally Russia is fighting war in Europe for more than two years now and another ally Iran is engaged in West Asian conflict with Israel which has potential to spill out into the larger region war creating stress on the Sea lanes of trade and communication, something crucial for China. In strategic parlance, it makes sense to not open another theater of conflict or at least keep other areas peaceful should the push comes to shove, but the sensible would see the game and ask whether underlying structural problems in Indo-Chinese relations have been resolved before we declare the ‘reset’ of ties. If History is the guide to Indo-China relations, beyond early days of Nehru era, relations between the two were never ‘friendly’. Chinese internal conversations show that even then India was seen as stooge of Imperial Britain and Liberal democracy which is diagonally opposite Communist China. The era of reforms and globalization had given hope to believe that thriving trade and commerce would act as a credible deterrence against any hostilities, but even here the unhealthy trade deficit between the two

Geopolitics Leadership

542

India at G 20: Rio de Janeiro Summit

India’s commitment to broader global engagement is demonstrated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s November 18–19 sojourn to Rio de Janeiro and his proactive participation in G 20 Summit among world leaders. Modi’s participation in G 20 summit demonstrates Bharat’s commitment to multilateralism and enrolling diverse partners. His “productive” official visit to Nigeria was centred on improved relations with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu and Indian diaspora. As India’s representative at G 20 summit, Modi shouldered the responsibilities of the country’s G20 leadership and her ambitious agenda for global transformation and inclusivity. (Author is a doctoral fellow at Amity University in Gwalior, content manager at Centre for Integrated and Holistic Studies, New Delhi)

Hindus Human Rights Pakistan Security World

796

Hindus are Safe in Bangladesh, Really?

Zafar Sobhan, ��The Print’ made false, tall claims about fair treatment to Hindus. Bangladesh President Yunus came close to stating the truth, Are Hindus really not under threat from jihadists in Bangladesh? Are they safer than Muslims and other minorities in India? Well, Zafar Sobhan in a write up has made vague but determined attempt to whitewash continued atrocities against Hindus with no letup in the genocidal campaign. But, Sobhan falsely claimed that Hindus were safe in turbulent, unsettling and violence ridden Bangladesh ignoring the publicly available data, case studies and unhindered persecution. ‘The Print’ provided its columns to Zafar Sobhan for spreading these falsehoods like agenda-based international media organizations like Al Jazeera etc. This response will methodically debunk Zafar’s fallacies and provide a true picture of minority conditions in Bangladesh. From rapes, violent attacks, forced resignation of Hindu officials to loot and occupation of their properties has become the norm while the likes of Zafar look the other way. As per Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Hindu population in the country has dropped drastically to 8.5 per cent in 2011and down further in last 13 years from 13.5 per cent in 1974. This demographic shift is not merely result of migration for economic opportunities but deeply intertwined with systemic discrimination, land dispossession through Vested Property Act and constant incidents of targeted attacks on Hindu society. By design and intent, Zafar seems to have downplayed incidences of violence against minorities in Bangladesh, implying that such incidents were isolated and do not reflect greater societal issues. Centre for Integrated and Holistic Studies investigations uncover that Hindu temples, businesses and houses are frequently and widely attacked particularly during times of recent political turmoil. These occurrences are not random acts of violence; they are frequently coordinated by extremist groups aiming to impose control or exploit political instability. Data for June – August 2024 indicate an organized attempt to intimidate, harm and ultimately wipe out Hindu population in Bangladesh. The attacks were carried out in several areas, targeting vulnerable individuals and religious sites. Temples in Moulvi bazar, Chittagong and Sitakunda are a few known cases of desecration that highlighted coordinated campaign of genocide and eradication. Zafar offered to paint the violent political movement that resulted in Sheikh Hasina’s departure as ‘democratic uprising free of Islamist influence’. This portrayal is inaccurate and ignores the complex realities of Bangladesh’s political scene. Islamist Influence and Extremism Emergence of extreme Islamist outfits such as Jamaat-e-Islami and Hefazat-e-Islam in Bangladesh’s political setting cannot be ignored. These organizations have documented history of campaigning for policies that oppress minorities and undermine the concept of secularism. Zafar’s denial of Islamist involvement in contemporary political movements is not supported by facts which demonstrates that these outfits have used political turmoil to promote their interests at the cost of minority oppression. Political Transitions’ Impact on Minorities In Bangladesh, it is a trend for minorities to become the targets of violent attacks during any political movements. An example of the kind of widespread violence that can result in deaths, serious injuries, significant property destruction, and vandalism of temples, was in 2021 during Durga Puja. These events demonstrate how vulnerable minorities are during times of political instability, contradicting Zafar’s assertion that minorities are safer in Bangladesh. Over years, persecution and intentional attacks against the Hindu community in Bangladesh have had a profound and long-lasting effect. For instance, massive violence against Hindus erupted in 2013 when Jamaat-e-Islami leader Delwar Hossain Sayeedi was found convicted. Around 50 temples were attacked and more than 1,500 Hindu homes were demolished. This incident fits into a larger pattern in which elections and political upheaval are followed by violent attacks against Hindus. Numerous instances occurred between 2013 and 2020, one of which was looting and demolition of 500 Hindu homes in Gopalpur village alone during the 2014 post-election riots. These acts demonstrate how this religious minority in Bangladesh is subjected to systematic and ongoing persecution. Historical Background, Persecution and Displacement It is critical to comprehend the historical background in order to evaluate current state of minority affairs in Bangladesh. The long-term patterns that have influenced lives of minorities in Bangladesh have not been sufficiently taken into account by Zafar Sobhan. Periods of severe persecution are a defining feature of the history of minorities in Bangladesh, especially during and after the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. Deliberate persecution of Hindus throughout the conflict and ensuing appropriation of land under the Vested Property Act have left a lasting impact on the community, leading to their uprooting and economic marginalization. During the time of struggle for Bangladesh Liberation, on March 25, 1971, the Pakistani military launched a horrific operation of genocide against Bengalis, notably on the Hindu community. Around three million individuals were killed in systematic atrocities during this genocide, which lasted until Bangladesh gained independence on December 16, 1971. At least 200,000 women were raped, and some estimates put the figure as high as 400,000. Brutality such as the Burunga massacre of May 26, 1971, when 94 Hindus were brutally killed by the Pakistani military at Burunga High School, marked the darkest height of the genocide. Over 10 million Bengalis, mostly Hindus, were forced to flee to India as a result of extensive atrocities committed by the Pakistani army, which saw no distinction between Hindu, Bengali, and Indian identities. In the blunt repercussions of the Babri structure demolition in India, Islamist groups in Bangladesh began a violent massacre against Bengali Hindus on December 7, 1992. The earliest target was the Dhakeshwari Temple in Dhaka, which was attacked and set on fire. Further targets were the Bholanath Giri Ashram, which was robbed, and the Hindu-owned jewelry stores in old Dhaka, which were destroyed. The following days saw more bloodshed when Islamist attackers in Cox’s Bazar District set fire to fourteen Hindu temples and demolished 51 Hindu houses in Ali Akbar Dale. Five temples suffered significant damage, and villages in Chittagong District such as Fatikchari and Mireswari were nearly completely destroyed by fire. By the time the

Education Geopolitics Highlight Post Hindus Leadership USA World

736

Swami Vivekananda Unpacked Dharma for Global Communities

‘Us’ versus ‘them’ is passé. The great Bharatiya sage unveiled vedic vision of entire humanity being part of the wholesome ‘Supreme’. Dr Aniruddh Subhedar Very few people know that “Juggernaut” is derived from Sanskrit word “Jagannath,” most revered Hindu god literally meaning “Lord of the world”. In early 19th century, Christian missionaries spread malicious propaganda that during popular Rath Yatra of Bhagwan Jagannath, a huge chariot crushed devotees under its wheels. Many influential people in England including William Wilberforce who is admired in Western world for his advocacy to abolish slave trade demanded an end to the so-called devilish practices. Over the years, western world got enlightened about Jagannath Rath Yatra. But, even today, English word “Juggernaut” is seen as a destructive, unstoppable force serving as living testimony to the smear campaign against Bharat’s culture and Hindu dharma. Truth behind this one word illustrates the hostile world in which Swami Vivekananda had to work at a time when Hindus were considered savages, their philosophy and traditions viewed as devilish. Amidst these hostile forces, Swami Vivekananda hoisted the banner of Bharat’s spiritualism to Western world and emerged victorious. Throughout her history, Bharat produced great sages and scholars, each one greater than the other. But, in modern times, Swami Vivekananda is seen as harbinger of sanskritik (cultural) and adhyatmik (spiritual) revolution in India. He was the pioneering monk who understood the need to spread sublime and profound philosophy of Advaita Vedanta throughout the world. Global awakening to Yoga and Vedanta is fruition of Swamiji’s pioneering efforts. World’s Parliament of Religions World Parliament of Religions held in Chicago in September 1893 can be termed the first organized interfaith gathering internationally. Swami Vivekananda participated in this parliament which was held during September 11 – 27, 1893. From his first rendition on September 11 which opened with touching lines “Brothers and Sisters of America,” up to his address at the final session on September 27, Swamiji addressed the parliament six times. Each of these speeches focused on Bharatiya philosophy, universal brotherhood and need for global unity. Swamiji not only expounded on the philosophy of Vedanta but amplified teachings of Lord Buddha and their intricate relationship to Sanatan Dharma. While he criticized evangelical activities of Christian missionaries, he stressed the need for every individual to walk the path of self-realization. Quoting Lord Krishna’s words from Bhagavad Gita: “ये यथा मां प्रपद्यन्ते तांस्तथैव भजाम्यहम्। मम वर्त्मानुवर्तन्ते मनुष्या: पार्थ सर्वश:।।” (O Arjuna! In whatsoever form one seeks Me, I reach him in that form, for all mankind is but following the paths I laid down for them.) Swami Vivekananda told the world that the path to reach Supreme Being is not and cannot be monopolized by one religion. It is open to every honest seeker. Bharat’s Soul Unveiled Swamiji’s words were not just verbose discourse on philosophy for armchair intellectuals, nor were they a recounting of Bharat’s long-lost past. Rather, what Swamiji presented to the world was Bharat’s very soul. When Swamiji said, “I am proud to tell you that we have gathered in our bosom the purest remnant of the Israelites… I am proud to belong to the religion which has sheltered and is still fostering the remnant of the grand Zoroastrian nation,” he was not merely recounting Bharat’s glorious past but presenting reality of Bharat that was rooted in spirituality even during most testing times of colonial oppression. This legacy continues today when Iran, the original land of Zoroastrians is suffering religious fanaticism, riots and theocracy. Zoroastrianism continues to flourish in India. It is this soul of Bharat that prompted Indian Government to offer citizenship to persecuted religious minorities in its neighbouring countries through Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019. Arguments and conspiracy theories floated against the all-inclusive act was from those that did not realize Bharat’s Soul. Swami Vivekananda and World Peace Swami Vivekananda’s work had lasting impact not only on people of Bharat but global communities. His teachings led to setting up Vedanta societies across United States that continue to thrive even today. Vedanta Society of New York and that of Northern California, San Francisco were centres established by Swami Vivekananda. Today, the world going through conflicts and wars may have missed an enlightened soul like Vivekananda. We see racial crimes, bigotry, wars and persecution. Religious fanaticism is raising its head in the form of Khalistani terrorism. The land of Bengal (both Bangladesh and West Bengal) has descended into religious persecution and chaos as it has strayed from the path shown by Swami Vivekananda. At the World’s Parliament of Religions, Swami Vivekananda said: “Sectarianism, bigotry and its horrible descendant fanaticism, have long possessed this beautiful earth. They have filled the earth with violence, drenched it often and often with human blood, destroyed civilization and sent whole nations to despair. Had it not been for these horrible demons, human society would be far more advanced than it is now”. These words of Swamiji are more relevant today than ever. For long, organizations like United Nations have attempted at maintaining global peace. But, the world tends to lapse into chaos and violence periodically. Limited success is seen by UN as its efforts are mainly aimed at political level. What Swamiji preached was the path of emancipation of every soul where every individual strives for self-realization. September 11, when Swami Vivekananda delivered his speech at World’s Parliament of Religions, is commemorated by his disciples and admirers as ‘Vishwa Vijay Diwas’ (the day when he conquered the world). But this conquering is not a dystopian dream of military victory and subjugation; it is a victory through message of peace. For those harbouring malice, the “Lord of the World” (Jagannath) becomes a “destructive force.” But for noble minds nurtured by Swamiji, even “conquering” loses its bloodshed and becomes an exercise in love and mutual respect. To a world that knew only the logic of “us vs. them,” Swami Vivekananda introduced the idea of “आत्मवत् सर्वभूतेषु”. It signifies all living entities as part of one’s self. It’s time the world revisits

Business Leadership

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Growing Clout, Footprint

Bharat’s businesses have come off age, taken over several global brands, top line corporates lock, stock, barrel or partnered in US, UK & Europe K.A.Badarinath Two large deals sealed in just one week speak volumes about Indian corporates verve, gut and appetite for going global. Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) and Walt Disney tango in Bharat’s media, television and entertainment industry is not limited to creation of US $ 8.5 billion behemoth. It opens up a zillion opportunities for Indian companies, vendors and challenges competition to surpass this milestone. This joint venture also marks Bharat’s film-makers, entertainment and media firms going global hand in hand with best in the industry. Asia’s richest businessman Mukesh Ambani and his wife Nita Ambani being hands on RIL – Walt Disney gives a spicy twist to the deal. Going forward, the joint venture model can work well and logically in global territories and it throws up an opportunity for Reliance – Disney – Century Fox to become a formidable player in media and entertainment sectors internationally. Another home grown billionaire from The Punjab, Sunil Bharti Mittal sent tongues wagging when Bharti Airtel group heralded by him emerged biggest stakeholder in the British iconic telecom services provider, British Telecom. Buying out the Israeli magnate Patrick Drahi led Altice group’s entire stake and cornering 24.5 per cent in British Telecom for US $ 4 billion is the icing on cake for Sunil Bharti Mittal whose Bharti group provides telecom services in 17 countries. In the process, Mittal has emerged largest stakeholder in British Telecom, hitherto the public telecom services provider. What would have been more satisfying for Sunil Bharti Mittal is that life has come full circle. Before 2010, British Telecom held over 21.5 per cent stake in Mittal’s then fledgling Bharti Airtel. This deal not only provides high-stakes branding push but allows Bharti Airtel access to United Kingdom’s 5G technologies, artificial intelligence networks and cutting edge technologies. Deutsche Telecom and T-Mobile Holdings with 12 per cent each are the two other large owners of British Telecom. Strategic insights in telecom, media and corporate markets in United Kingdom and Europe are something Sunil Bharti Mittal should look forward to being at head table of British Telecom. Bharti is not the first Indian company to go shopping in United Kingdom, US or Europe for iconic companies and brands that were seen as value enhancing prepositions. Most talked British brand and company acquired was Jaguar Land Rover by Tata group that was once mocked at for having produced the smallest and modest ‘Nano’ car. Uptight United Kingdom honchos could hardly come to terms with being led by a coloured team of Tata professionals to turn around the JLR that was once seen as a drain on the company and Britain was struggling to save the automobile brand. When Ratan Tata, easily the most celebrated businessman walked into the boardroom of Ford on March 26, 2008 to acquire JLR business at US $ 2.3 billion, disbelief and disconnect confounded top leadership team of British company. In 15-years, the group has turned around JLR into a kicking Bharat – British brand that’s hard to compete with. Tata group was labelled audacious when it took Corus Steel in $ 12 billion bid around the same time to emerge UK – Europe’s one of the largest players in steel market. While this was happening, Reliance bought out one of the oldest and most recognized British toy company Hamleys with 259-years corporate history and British battery technology company, Faradion made global industry sit up to the onset of Indian buyers. Reliance acquisitions were relatively more modest, around the same time, Kumarmangalam Birla, yet another Indian billionaire had set eyes on Atlanta-based Aluminium major Novelis and acquired it in 2007 for a whopping US $ six billion. This catapulted the Aditya Birla group into fortune 500 companies list. After initial rush of half a dozen big ticket takeovers about 15-years back, scores of global brands and businesses came the Indian way or partnered to stay afloat. The list seems quite a long one and this phenomenon is across sectors. Several of them were risky investments and the familial story of turnaround for many Western companies was scripted by Indian businesses that stayed nimble footed for quite some time. For instance, none would have imagined that fourth Indian billionaire Anand Mahindra owned diversified group, Mahindra and Mahindra pumped life into BSA Motorcycles that stopped production about five decades ago. Birmingham Small Arms Company founded way back in 1861 known for producing motorcycles after Mahindra and Mahindra took over this defunct brand in 2022. As per Grant Thornton research, Indians own about 964 companies in UK alone as of last year if one were to go by a Reuters despatch earlier this month. It may not be an overstatement, to say that Bharat’s businesses have arrived. (Author is Director & Chief Executive of Centre for Integrated and Holistic Research based in New Delhi)

Education Hindus Leadership Policy

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Bharat, force for Strength & Stability

In 78-years post-British imperialistic occupation, Bharat is on way to become ‘Vishwa Guru’ and pursuer of ‘Vishwa Maitri’ in right earnest. K.A.Badarinath Bharat is celebrating her seventy eighth independence day after having fought imperialist British occupation and monarchy. Before the ignominious exit of 1947, Britain has had for decades looted Bharat’s wealth, resources and hit at her backbone by Anglicizing the country’s millennial education system. The indomitable spirit, valour and strong civilizational connect based on ‘Sanatan Dharma’ could not be dented even after decades of inhuman rule that pushed Bharat into poverty owing to continued laundering and misrule of British imperialists. Post-1947, Bharat moved on its own with twists and turns in its socio-economic paradigm. What kept the Hindustan together last 78 years was the determination of this 1.4 billion people to regain its place as ‘guiding light’ in the comity of nations. Most Indians – be it Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, Muslims or Christians – get nostalgic and wee-bit emotional while celebrating the Independence Day. It was a struggle that none globally would easily forget as British rule was marked by White supremacist mindset laced with monarchial expansionism and human subordination and slavery of inhuman variety. Then on, Bharat re-discovered herself on all fronts. It’s her day today and centuries to follow as it moves methodically to become a developed country by 2047 that also marks 100 years of independence from British tyranny. Bharat’s rise as an economic powerhouse and her march to become third largest economy in two – three years with $ 5 trillion spread is something that did not come easily given the hard work of her farmers, services professionals, industry and exporters. It’s only a matter of time when Bharat would challenge US and China from their coveted positions. None can be scared or distraught with Bharat’s rise given her standing that strives continuously for peace, tranquility and harmonious living sans conflict, violence and expansionism of any hue or shade. Going by Bharat’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi speech on Independence Day from ramparts of the historic Red Fort, New Delhi will play a stabilizing role in the world marred by conflicts between Russia – Ukraine, Israel – Hamas and the coup of sorts in Bangladesh. Strength and determination is what Prime Minister Modi emphasized upon to tackle global challenges. Bharat being at the ‘High Table’ in international affairs would only bring sanity to deliberations and negotiations at strategic level or economic management. Even in tackling new challenges, Bharat has shown the way. After having been party to Paris agreement on cutting carbon footprint and shifting to environment friendly economic structures, Bharat is the only country that has met all climate targets among G-20. Notwithstanding her energy consumption demands, shift to green options rapidly towards ‘net zero’ voluntarily and leading by example is something Prime Minister Modi referred to in his speech on Thursday. His call for end to end chip designing for the world is an extension of Bharat’s huge strides made in industrial manufacturing including defence products, services across sectors and deft management of her economy. This will push up Bharat in global pecking order for modernizing her economy to meet international demand. Bharat’s list of ‘to do’ things seem endless if one were to look at reversing brain drain especially in key sectors like medical education. Adding 75,000 new medical colleges’ seats to 100,000 plus existing capacity is something that will help Indian youth and talent pursue their education here and cater to the world as professionals. Prime Minister Modi had clearly hinted that ‘overseas students should come to India for top class education’ and reverse prevailing outflow to foreign shores. Becoming global educational hub in five years may be a tough target to meet. But, its doable. These are transitioning times for Bharat to become ‘vishwa guru’ and pursuer of ‘vishwa maitri’. (Author is Director & Chief Executive of Centre for Integrated and Holistic Studies based in New Delhi)

Hindus Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)

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RSS Initiative To Revive Family Bonding, Values

Dr. Shailendra Kumar Pathak In a rapidly evolving world, family structures and values are undergoing significant transformations. The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a prominent socio-cultural organization in Bharat, has recognized the importance of preserving and revitalizing family values amidst the encroaching influences of Western lifestyles, consumerism, and woke culture. Through its Family Awakening Programme, the RSS aims to reconnect Bharatiya families with their cultural roots, drawing inspiration from ancient Hindu scriptures and multi millennia long civilizational experiences. In Bharatiya culture, the family has always been the cornerstone of societal structure. This belief is deeply rooted in Bharatiya spiritual worldview, where the family represents the initial step in the journey from “Me to We.” The traditional Bharatiya family, often extended and inclusive of multiple generations living under one roof, is rooted in values such as respect for elders, filial piety, communal harmony, and moral integrity. These values are not merely social constructs but are deeply embedded in the cultural and spiritual fabric of the nation. Family and its values are the key architects of shaping individuals’ personalities and moral compasses. They provide a framework for personal development, ethical behavior, and emotional stability. On a broader scale, strong family values contribute to societal cohesion, reducing crime rates and promoting social harmony and National progress . Studies have shown that children raised in families with strong value systems tend to exhibit higher levels of academic achievement, emotional intelligence, and resilience. The foreign invasions, intruder’s rule and the globalization wave have brought Western lifestyles into Bharatiya homes, often clashing with traditional values. While modernization and technological advancements have their merits, the uncritical adoption of Western lifestyles leads to a dilution of family bonds. Individualism, a hallmark of Western culture, often prioritizes personal goals over collective family interests, leading to fragmented family units. Consumerism, an integral element of western life style which is characterized by the relentless pursuit of material possessions, has significantly impacted family dynamics. The pressure to acquire and consume often diverts attention from familial relationships. Parents, engrossed in their careers to meet consumer demands, may inadvertently neglect their children’s emotional needs, leading to a lack of familial cohesion and support. The rising wave of Woke culture in pretext of social justice and political correctness, inclusiveness and equality has led to generational rifts within families. It is developing a common perception among new generations that Traditional values are outdated or regressive. This cultural shift is leading not only to conflicts between older and younger generations but blocking the intergenerational transmission of values and wisdom. Restoring family values and strong bonds is crucial in maintaining social stability and preventing the erosion of cultural and moral foundations. Families serve as the primary unit of socialization, instilling values, traditions, and a sense of belonging that strengthens individual identity and community cohesion. When family bonds are strong, individuals are less likely to seek meaning or identity in external influences such as religious conversion or the often polarizing narratives of woke culture. A solid family foundation provides emotional support, moral guidance, and a sense of purpose, which are essential in resisting trends that can lead to social fragmentation, individual isolation, and even national decline. By reinforcing these values, society can foster a more resilient and unified nation, capable of withstanding divisive influences. The RSS’s ‘Kutumb Prabodhan’ Initiative The RSS, inspired by Bharat’s glorious cultural heritage and ancient Hindu scriptures, has launched the Family Awakening Programme popularly known as ‘Kutumb Probodhan’ to revitalize the traditional Bharatiya family structure by reconnecting individuals with their cultural and spiritual roots. The ‘initiative was conceived by the RSS as part of its broader mission to strengthen the social fabric of Bharat. The RSS has always placed a strong emphasis on cultural nationalism and societal cohesion. The family is considered the most fundamental and important unit of Bharatiya society, and the RSS launched ‘Kutumb Prabodhan’ to reinforce family bonds and instill traditional values. The philosophy of ‘Kutumb Prabodhan’ is deeply rooted in Bharatiya cultural and spiritual traditions. It draws inspiration from ancient texts, teachings, and practices that emphasize the importance of family as the cornerstone of society. The concept of “Kutumb” (family) holds a significant place in Hindu culture and scriptures. It is seen not just as a social unit but as a foundation for spiritual and moral values. The RSS initiatives draw its inspirations from these scriptures and adopts a holistic approach to well-being, recognizing that family health is not just physical but also emotional, psychological, and spiritual. Key Initiatives and Activities The RSS Kutumb Prabodhan (Family Awakening) programme has seen notable success in fostering family values and unity across India. In Pune, a middle-class family, struggling with generational communication gaps, found renewed harmony after participating in the programme’s workshops. The sessions emphasized mutual respect and understanding, leading to improved relationships between the younger and older members. Similarly, in Lucknow, a family dealing with the pressures of modern life used the principles taught by Kutumb Prabodhan to prioritize quality time together, resulting in strengthened bonds and a more supportive home environment. In a rural village in Madhya Pradesh, the programme’s emphasis on cultural and moral values helped a family overcome internal conflicts, promoting peace and collaboration in their household. There several thousand similar family betterment success stories by the RSS’s initiatives. The RSS family awakening program’s holistic approach, combining education, community service, and spiritual guidance, has made a tangible impact on numerous families across Bharat. In a world where family structures and values are increasingly challenged by external forces, the RSS’s Family Awakening Programme stands as a beacon of hope. By reconnecting families with their cultural and spiritual heritage, the RSS aims to restore the sanctity of the family unit and promote a more harmonious and fulfilling human existence. The teachings of ancient Bharatiya Hindu scriptures offer timeless wisdom that can guide families in nurturing values, fostering unity, and achieving collective well-being. As families across Bharat embrace these initiatives, the vision of a society rooted in strong family values and cultural pride

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